Drainages are installed on the protruding plane of the wall base at the junction with the plinth. Their function is to protect the joint from negative factors. Ebb tides for the basement base protect against rain, snow accumulation, ice and strong heating by the sun. Plums decorate the facade and are selected individually for each base, depending on the material.
The need and purpose of ebbs for the base
Weather phenomena act on the protruding base and gradually destroy it. The joint between the wall and the support is open and water penetrates inside despite the waterproofing layer. The wall receives a portion of moisture and transfers it to the interior of the room. The drain for the plinth in the form of a narrow shelf protects against moisture and does not allow moisture to pass into the joint.
Water accumulates on the protruding part, which freezes in winter. The ice expands and cracks appear on the horizontal surface. The gaps widen over time and the base needs to be repaired. Water flushes sand out of the solution, weakening the strength of the concrete. The drain removes moisture from the plane, protecting the base from deformation.
If the outboard base is made using siding, plastic or corrugated board on a volumetric frame, the drainage for the basement is indispensable. The upper plane of the structure must be reliably insulated from moisture ingress, because this will lead to weakening of the fasteners of the elements. The hinged finish will flake off and fall over time, which will incur additional costs.
The cost of installing a drain strip will pay off in a short period due to the absence of the need for repair of the base and its finishing.
Selection rules
Approximate cost of drainage per 1 running meter:
- plastic costs 80 - 500 rubles;
- galvanized - 60 - 450 rubles;
- aluminum strip - 300 - 900 rubles;
- concrete frame - from 150 rubles;
- clinker protection - from 1900 rubles and above;
- copper - 1200 - 8000 rubles;
- sandstone and similar stone - from 500 rubles and more.
The material is chosen depending on the facade so as not to disturb the overall look. For example, plastic or PVC spillways will not look on a natural stone base; it is better to put clinker or copper elements here. It is impossible to install a water diverter made of natural stone or sandstone on a remote frame made of profiled sheet; plastic or galvanized is better.
The cost of installing ebb tides ranges from 150 to 650 rubles per linear meter, depending on the complexity. You can do it yourself, but qualified workers know exactly how to connect the ebb tides with each other efficiently and without gaps.
Ebb material
Metal basement sills are made of stainless steel, galvanized.Variants are used that, when manufactured, receive a protective layer of powder or polymer paint. Such products have the necessary qualities and are inexpensive, so ordinary developers use them more often than other types.
PVC material is durable, noiseless. Coloring components are introduced into colored plastic during the production process, so it does not fade in the sun.
Aluminum firmly resists frost, is used for a long time in regions with high humidity. The material belongs to pure types and, when heated by the sun, does not emit harmful components into the air.
Copper plums work ideally as protection, but owners are discouraged by their high cost.
Concrete protection of the base is cheap and reliable, but adherence to technology with intermediate impregnations is required in order for the material of the M450 brand to firmly adhere to the surface.
Wooden ebbs for the foundation are placed on the foundations of frame structures, houses from a bar, they are treated with water-repellent agents.
Natural stone or tiles with imitation of the texture of a natural analogue are placed. Granite, travertine, marble, syenite are used. The ebb from such a material is expensive, it is used for expensive facade finishing. The material withstands moisture, high and low temperature drops, does not collapse from impacts. Natural stone has a large mass, which should be taken into account when choosing the type of plum.
Artificial tiles are distinguished by an acceptable price, lighter weight, therefore they are used more often. Clinker tiles can be fixed on a cement-sand mortar or special adhesive mixtures can be used for this. Manufacturers produce corner, connecting elements made of artificial stone, which facilitates the installation of such drainage in the installation position.
Features and decorative qualities
There are structural elements in the structure of the drain;
- shelf at an angle for dripping moisture;
- mounting bend, installed end-to-end to the vertical surface;
- frontal plane for the direction of water flow.
The front bend of the horizontal plane is set slightly at an angle so that moisture can drain freely under the influence of gravity. Often a slot is cut into the wall above the low tide with a grinder, then the ebb to the base receives another element in the form of a horizontal shelf, which enters the body of the wall.
Drainage is taken into account in the decorative design of the facade, because the stripe is clearly visible against the background of the front finish. The color of the ebb is chosen to match the tone of the wall or a contrasting one is adopted, it depends on the designer and the wishes of the owner.
At home, a basement metal ebb is done with a wooden mallet and a metal corner. Sometimes the owner has a bending machine for the production of galvanized and stainless steel strips. Coated ebbs are best purchased from a store.
Installation technology
Before the device, check the horizontality of the butt line between the protruding foundation and the wall. Use a building or laser level. The line should be straight, not protrude or sink in some areas, so that the ebb on the foundation firmly adheres to the vertical plane. If this happens, the skews are leveled in various ways.
The string is pulled over the installation line. Ebbs are attached directly to the wall or the guide element is mounted first. The drain is fixed to the bar with self-tapping screws, and it is nailed to the wall with metal dowels.The strips are placed with an overlap of 3 centimeters, the joints are filled with sealant for outdoor use.
For drains with a large width (from 8 - 10 cm), support brackets are made to reduce the shift of the spillways during strong winds. Sometimes a longitudinal wooden bar is placed or the drain rests on polyurethane foam.
Installation diagrams
The width of the ebb is determined after the design of the base, because the trim can push the front of the base forward. The angle of inclination of the frontal plane is taken 10 - 15 °, therefore the tape measure is applied to the wall at the appropriate height and measured to the edge of the horizontal surface, taking into account the offset.
The length is calculated along the perimeter of the attachment, while the measurement is carried out along the outer edge of the intended low tide. The resulting length is multiplied by a factor of 1.1 to account for undercutting and overlapping corner joints.
Installation procedure:
- installation begins from the first corner of the building;
- the second is to mount the profile on the next corner;
- then the elements are connected using a straight section;
- then the ebb is attached to the third corner, connected to the second ebb installation on the straight section, and so on.
The ebb tides are connected by soldering into the lock. The second method is used for metal drains that are bent at the installation site. Soldering is rarely used, because violates the outer protective layer of the profile.
Outside corner
The outer joint of the turn is made from the main strip, the connection line is coated with sealant. A support element is placed under them so that the corner joints do not walk vertically.
Outside corner manufacturing methods:
- There are two straight stripes. Straight sections are selected, the end of one is cut at an angle of 45 °. For marking, a miter box is used or a special template is made. The end of the second piece is cut in the same way, but an allowance of 20 mm is made along the length. The allowance remains inside the joint, and the strips at the corner are riveted to each other.
- From one straight profile. On a straight section, an angle of 90 ° is marked so that its top is on the lower shelf, and an allowance of 20 mm is given on the plane. The drain is cut along the markings without going to the bottom shelf. The casting profile is bent so that the parts form a right angle, and the tolerance is at the bottom of the joint. The parts are connected by soldering or riveting.
The joint does not always turn out to be beautiful, therefore a decorative strip from the profile is used. The width of the element ranges from 4 to 8 cm, fixed with screws or rivets.
Inner corner
The principle of joining ebb corners within a protective finish is similar to joining an outer corner, but with some differences. Each line in such a place is finished individually and before the profiles are placed on straight plots.
Internal seam:
- From two straight sections. The ends of straight strips are formed at an angle of 45 °, as when performing an outer corner, but in the opposite direction. The second piece is cut 20 mm longer than the required size; when joining, this release passes from the bottom of the joint.
- From one profile. An angle of 90 ° is marked on a straight piece, but the apex of the corner is located not on the bottom, but on the top shelf. Further, the technology for manufacturing the inner and outer corners does not differ.
To support the wide internal joint, support bars are used, on which the profile is placed. On wooden girders, an internal joint is also formed so that the ebb is firmly attached to them without gaps.
Straight joint
Overlapping profiles are connected or a lock is made. In the first method, rivets are placed for strength. Such a connection has the advantage that there will be no shear deformation of the ebb during thermal expansion. The sealant between the connecting areas acts as a thermal seam. The overlap connection method is simple and is used in the case of installing basement drainage systems with a large front of work.
The version of the lock requires a lot of labor, but it is reliable and durable.Such a connection does not allow water to pass through, even if the joint is not treated with silicone.
Types of engagement are used:
- single lying;
- single standing;
- double recumbent;
- double standing.
The decorative strip is placed when joining with an overlap; when joining into a lock, it is rarely used. Such inserts increase the cost of installing the base.
The main nuances of installing basement ebb
After installation, the rigidity of fastening of all elements is checked. To do this, press with your hand on the ebb, while it should not bend. During installation, not only the joint of the profile is sealed, but also the line of connection to the wall.
Silicone is used to seal the cut-out gap in the wall if the top shelf was sealed directly into a vertical railing. You can use bitumen mastic or special compounds for sealing external joints. Noise-absorbing tape is placed underneath the metal sills to reduce the sound of rain drops
Clinker drains are first installed on the inner and outer corners, then rectangular areas are formed. If there are no factory corners, the docking is performed by trimming the tiles in place at 45 °.
