In houses outside the city limits, the sewerage function is performed by a cesspool. Pumping out the drain pit is not a pleasant necessity. If this problem is not solved in time, bad consequences will appear:
- water will drain slowly into the sewer;
- freezing of waste is possible in winter, resulting in overflow and quick filling;
- fecal and fat deposits form inside the structure;
- the tank is tightly closed, and the smell on the site will still be felt;
- the frequency of calling for specialists for pumping is growing.
There are 3 main ways to drain a tank. Let's consider them in more detail.
Waste disposal machine
In the post-Soviet space, the sewer truck first appeared in the early sixties of the last century. It was then that the first troubles arose in the environmental situation. The principle of operation of such a machine consisted in pumping out reinforced concrete and other sewage not only from sewer pits, but also cleaning and filtering ponds and reservoirs, draining construction sites.
Today's vacuum truck options are equipped with improved pumping equipment, warning alarms, storage tanks, a separate piping device and a corrugated hose.
There are two methods by which such a machine is pumped out. This is a collector method operation when the collector motor is running. And the second way is to use a vacuum pump. It is more rational and technologically advanced and is used most often in utilities.
The principle of operation is based on the fact that the pumped-out liquid is sucked in with a special hose. There are also sensors responsible for filling the tank. When the level in it reaches a certain mark, the pump automatically shuts down. The operating time of such a car in its basic mode at one facility is from four to twelve minutes. When the process is completed, the sewage truck is sent to the place of disposal of solid waste or liquid waste. There, the reservoir is emptied by a pumping method or by gravity. Happy owners will only have to pay for the call.
The disadvantages in the operation of this car include restrictive temperature periods. If outside the window is below -20 or more than +40 degrees Celsius, the car will not work.
Using the pump
The fecal pump contains a mesh filter and, often, a waste grinder. There are 3 types of such pumps:
- surface;
- semi-submersible;
- submersible.
Surface
This type of equipment does not contain a grinding element, but, if desired, is purchased and installed separately.
The advantage is its low price, as well as the ability to operate for other purposes. The disadvantages include noisy work, low productivity and pressure, difficulty in permanent installation.
Semi-submersible
The species is sent to the pit, but the main operating mechanism is installed above the surface of the sucked sewage. The body of the device does not come into contact with water, and is mainly made of aluminum.
Such a pump is installed on special floats, due to this, the mechanism is constantly in one position. The design of the cesspool should be built taking into account this type of pump.
The disadvantages of this equipment include a complex mount, noisy operation and the fact that the engine is in no way protected from environmental aggression.
The advantages are access to the engine if it needs repair, efficiency, stationarity, the ability to install a more powerful engine.
Submersible
The pump is installed at the very bottom of the pit. The position can be vertical or horizontal. So that it does not warp, install guides. At the bottom of the pit, it is installed with a cable, and then connected to electricity.
The functioning of the apparatus is controlled by the float method. When the level of sewage drops, the pump automatically stops its work. This type is most often the grinder.
The advantages include a stationary installation, maximum productivity, quiet operation, automation, good power, protection against aggressive media, the ability to pump out liquids with solid particles.
There is only one drawback here: if a breakdown occurs or there is a need to transfer the unit to another place, it will need to be completely cleaned of feces.
Manual cleaning
Overalls will not only protect you from a squeamish liquid environment, but also from its chemical aggression.
A gas respirator is also required. It will protect your airways from sewage vapors with a high methane content: inhaling it is dangerous.
Complete your work look with rubber boots and gloves.
Before work, you should prepare a container into which you will pour the sewage. It must be sealed. Later, it will need to be taken to a special place for waste disposal.
Working together is safer and easier. If suddenly the employee who is downstairs becomes ill, the second person will always have time to come to his aid.
It is worth knowing that if the drain pit is deeper than 3 meters, the sewer vehicle will not be able to service it. However, in modern life, such deep sedimentation tanks are no longer dug.
Having carefully studied the possibilities of your drainage pit and having weighed all the pros and cons, choose the type that will be optimal for you. At the same time, one should take into account the cost of equipment and its maintenance, the possibility of removing sewage to the place of disposal, etc. The fastest and easiest way is to call professionals in a sewage truck. However, one should also take into account the fact of the possibility of approaching the drain pit.
