We make apartment heating: paperwork, diagrams, reviews

Central heating in multi-storey buildings does not always fulfill its functions - often there is a low temperature of the water in the pipes, uneven heating during the heating season. It is almost impossible to solve this problem, since utilities do not respond to applications and complaints. It was this that became the main factor for the transition to apartment heating of apartments and houses: schemes, reviews of which have become widespread recently.

Installation of apartment heating

How relevant is this method of maintaining a comfortable temperature in an apartment? At first glance, it seems that the costs of purchasing equipment, installing and maintaining it will significantly exceed the costs compared to central heating. However, by making simple calculations, you can make sure that gas apartment heating compensates for the initial costs during three to five seasons of operation.

For the objectivity of these conclusions, one should consider the positive and negative aspects of installing an autonomous system.

Advantages of apartment heating:

• The ability to set a comfortable temperature level in the room yourself. For central heating, such a function can be realized - installation of a special meter is required, which must be coordinated in many authorities;
• Reducing the operating costs of the coolant. On average, apartment heating systems cost residents 40-50% less than the central system;
• Complete independence from the work of the management company for the supply of heat. This applies to planned and emergency repairs, non-compliance of the temperature regime of the coolant with the standards.

The main negative point for any apartment heating system is the high initial cost of purchasing equipment and the laboriousness of its installation. In addition, to disconnect from the central system and install an autonomous one, it is required to issue the appropriate permits. All worries about the current maintenance and repair of equipment also fall on the shoulders of the apartment owner.

Registration of a permit for apartment heating

There is an erroneous opinion that it is almost impossible to make the registration of permits for an apartment with apartment heating. However, for this you only need to know the basic laws and adhere to technical standards.

According to clause 44 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307, gas boilers with the following characteristics are allowed for installation as heating equipment in apartment buildings.

• Closed combustion chamber;
• A device for monitoring the state of the flame in a gas burner - an automation system;
• The operating temperature should not exceed 95 ° C, and the maximum pressure in the pipeline is 1 MPa.

To select the optimal boiler model, it is recommended to contact the gas management company serving the house. Their representatives must provide requirements for this equipment.

Obtaining Technical Specifications from Gorgaz

To do this, you must provide a package of documents confirming the ownership of the premises - a passport from the BTI, a sales contract, personal data. Within 14 days, representatives of the organization are obliged to issue a TU, which includes the apartment heating scheme.

It is imperative that permission is obtained from the fire department, which will inspect the ventilation ducts in the house. If the project initially provided for the installation of gas equipment, there will be no problems with this document.

Project part

Having received the technical conditions and permission of the fire department, it is necessary to find a design organization to draw up a plan for autonomous heating. These services are offered by the management organization, or any other commercial company that has the appropriate certificates and permits. You cannot do this part of the work yourself, since houses with apartment heating must comply with current safety standards.

The project document contains a diagram of apartment heating, a list of equipment and consumables. For each of them there must be a passport, and in case of its absence - technical information, confirmed by the manufacturer and the seller. If before that the house had central heating, then the risers are most often left. The plan indicates the place of disconnection from the network, the location of the gas boiler, the circuit of the mains and radiators.

Installation of apartment heating

The entire package of documents is submitted to the administration, which must check their compliance with the technical specifications. After receiving a positive decision, you can start installing the equipment. It is noteworthy that most reviews about apartment heating at the design stage have a negative connotation, since bureaucracy and paperwork take a lot of time and money.

It is prohibited to independently connect the boiler to the gas main. This should only be done by representatives of the Gorgaz.

Having installed the elements of gas apartment heating, you can proceed to the stage of coordinating the time for connecting to the mains. Representatives of the management company must check the status of the installed system and issue a certificate of conformity. Then the boiler is connected to the gas pipe and the integrity and correct operation of the system is checked.

Choosing a heating scheme for an apartment

A properly designed project for houses with apartment heating should include the location of the piping. For apartments, a two-pipe scheme with parallel connection of radiators is most often used.

If the area of ​​the room is not large (up to 60m), then you can use a one-pipe circuit (Leningrad), in which there is no return pipe, and the batteries are connected in series. The best specialists will cope with this task. But the owner of the apartment also needs to know the basic requirements for drawing up a diagram and its calculation:

1. Boiler power... If the room has good thermal insulation of the walls, then when choosing heating equipment, you can use the ratio of 1 kW per 10 m² of area. For regions with extremely low temperatures in winter, 15-20% can be added to this indicator. That is, under normal conditions, a 70 m² apartment requires a boiler with a capacity of at least 7 kW. The best option would be 10 kW equipment. This applies to all types of houses in which apartment heating is planned.
2. Boiler installation location... It should be installed in the kitchen, since it is this room that most meets the requirements and ventilation ducts are located in it.

The boiler must not be installed in a bathroom or living room. This is a gross violation of the rules. To set the optimal temperature regime, it is recommended to connect the temperature sensors located in the rooms to the boiler. With their help, you can significantly reduce the gas consumption, which is the main condition for any apartment with an apartment-type heating.

Choice of equipment for apartment heating

The basis for an individual apartment heating system is the selection of the correct boiler. It is best to install pyrolysis models, the efficiency of which is as close as possible to 100%. The essential components of the heating system are a centrifugal pump and an expansion tank. Currently, you can purchase gas boilers that have these elements in their design.

Reading reviews about apartment heating, you can often find comments about a problem in the operation of the equipment. This is often due to the discrepancy between its parameters and operating conditions. Therefore, when choosing a boiler, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics:

• The presence of an expansion tank and pump in the design;
• Device power;
• The degree of regulation of the level of heating of the heat carrier and water for hot water supply;
• Boiler manufacturer and cost. The products of NAVIEN, BERETTA, PROTHERM and VAILLANT have proven themselves well. The cost can range from 24 to 60 thousand rubles, depending on the capacity and configuration.

You also need to choose the right pipes to create a line. Currently, for houses with apartment heating, polypropylene products with fiberglass reinforcement are considered the best option. They have a long service life, are connected to each other by soldering and are able to withstand water temperatures above 95 ° C.

In some apartments with installed apartment heating, metal-plastic pipes are used. But they have a low strength index.

Features of the operation of the apartment heating system

However, along with all the above listed advantages, the apartment heating system has a number of features. First of all, this applies to operating conditions. For normal boiler operation, it is necessary to provide a water make-up system. For this, the main heating through the shut-off valves must be connected to the central water supply. However, the use of tap water as a heating medium is not recommended, as it has a large amount of impurities. Therefore, it is necessary to install a filtration system.

The next important point, which characterizes individual apartment heating, is to ensure the removal of burnt gases. It is best to install models of boilers with a coaxial chimney. It will provide air flow from the street to maintain the combustion process, timely removal of carbon monoxide gases.

Consumer opinions and reviews

To create an objective point of view on the advisability of installing such a system, it is recommended to read the reviews on apartment heating:

• After many years of torment with central heating, they decided to install an autonomous one. I had to run around with all the paperwork - it took about six months. But in the end, our small two-room apartment does not depend on the whims of the heating network. The only thing is that you yourself need to monitor the state of the boiler. Fortunately, from the very beginning they took a reliable Beretta. Lyudmila Pshenichnaya, Oryol;
• Finally, our gas heating for the apartment started working, although it could have happened 2 months ago. At the stage of drafting the project, I insisted on a cheap gas boiler. However, after installation, Gorgaz workers did not issue a permit for operation. Therefore, we had to urgently purchase a new boiler. But in the end everything works fine, although it could have been done faster and cheaper. My advice is to listen to the opinion of experts. Sergey Lisichansky, St. Petersburg.

Is it worth it in practice to implement a scheme that provides for apartment heating? Of course - yes, but you need to prepare in advance for the additional costs. The cost of services of a design organization ranges from 10 to 50 thousand rubles. depending on the complexity of the work. But nobody canceled the laws of the market, therefore, when discussing the cost, it is recommended to raise the issue of discounts and bonuses.

The video material presents the subjective opinion of the autonomous heating user: