The organization of the production process is a multifaceted task in which all factors must be taken into account. In addition to equipment and skilled workers, special attention should be paid to maintaining the optimum room temperature. To do this, you need to develop systems and schemes for heating workshops with your own hands: welding, carpentry, production.
The choice of heating according to the characteristics of the room
Before you do the heating of the workshop with your own hands, you need to find out several important characteristics. First of all, the optimal temperature regime in the room. The choice of the heating system directly depends on this.
When drawing up a heating scheme for a carpentry shop or other production areas, the following parameters must be taken into account:
- Ceiling area and height... If the distance from the floor to the roof is more than 3 meters, then convection (water, air) systems will be ineffective. This is due to the large volume of the room;
- Thermal insulation of walls and roof... The heat loss of the building is the first thing to consider when choosing. The heating system for the workshop must be not only efficient, but also economical. In this case, it is best to use zone heat sources. They will maintain a comfortable temperature level in a certain area of the room;
- Technological requirements for the optimum temperature in the workshop... For example, the heating of a woodworking workshop must keep the air heating at a constant level. Otherwise, it will affect the quality of the product. If the raw material is metal, then a comfortable temperature is needed only for workers.
To carry out this analysis, you will need to study the advantages and disadvantages of each type of heating. Let's consider the most efficient heating of a production hall, which differs depending on the circuit and the components used.
Workshop air heating
For large rooms with high temperature requirements, it is recommended to use an air heating of the workshop. This system is a branched network of air ducts, which move streams of hot air. It is heated using a special climate control unit or a gas boiler.
Such systems and schemes for heating workshops with their own hands are applicable for welding, carpentry, industrial premises. The main structural elements of this system are:
- Outdoor air intake device... It includes fans and cleaning filters;
- Further, the air masses through the channels enter the heating zone... It can be electrical appliances (spiral element) or a gas installation with an air heat exchanger;
- High-temperature air masses move through channels that distribute heat to individual production rooms... To regulate the heating temperature level, a throttle valve is installed in each outlet branch pipe.
Such a workshop air heating system has a number of significant advantages over the standard one. The main one is the optimal heating of the room. Correctly positioned air ducts can have guiding elements that focus the air flow to the desired area of the workshop.
Also, with the additional installation of an air conditioner, the same system can be used as a cooling one. However, such a heating scheme for a workshop is rather complicated in terms of design. Before self-installation, you need to calculate the power of the fans, the shape and cross-section of the air ducts. Therefore, for the installation of air heating in a production workshop, it is recommended to use the services of specialized companies.
Workshop water heating
The use of traditional hot water heating is relevant for small industries, the area of workshops of which does not exceed 250 m². It is needed to constantly maintain the air temperature at an optimal level throughout the entire volume of the room. Often the heating of woodworking workshops is done with water.
This is due to wood waste from production. For their disposal, a solid fuel boiler of long burning is installed. Such a scheme of work allows not only quickly, but also effectively to get rid of wood waste. In the future, they are used as fuel.
However, this heating arrangement has a number of nuances:
- In order for the heating efficiency of the production hall to be maximized, it is necessary to significantly increase the area of the heating devices. For this, pipes of large diameter are used, which are welded together into registers;
- Inertia. It takes a long enough time to heat the air in the workshop from the coolant;
- Impossibility to quickly change the temperature of the water in the pipes.
However, along with this, when installing water heating in the welding shop, a floor heating system can be used. Such a scheme will help to reduce the required area of heating devices. At the same time, the inertness of the system will decrease - the air in the workshop will heat up faster.
During the design of heating, it is possible to envisage the organization of hot water supply, which is important for many production processes. To do this, you need to purchase (or make) a heat exchange tank to heat the workshop with your own hands.
In it, the energy of the coolant will be transferred through the coil to the water. This will make it possible to use hot water not only for domestic needs, but also for production processes.
In addition to solid fuel boilers, other types of heating equipment can be installed:
- Gas boilers... Economically efficient if there is no cheap solid fuel;
- Electric heaters... It is preferable not to use them, as electricity costs will be high;
- Oil fired boilers - diesel or waste engine oil. Installed if there are no gas lines. They are economical, but inconvenient in that they need special containers for storing fuel.
To use the water heating schemes of the workshop, it is necessary to correctly calculate the power of the heating installation.
The standard ratio of 1 kW of released thermal energy per 10 m² of area is relevant only for a workshop with a ceiling height of no more than 3 meters. If they are higher, then each additional meter is + 10% to the boiler power.
Workshop infrared heating
The principle of operation of infrared heaters is to heat surfaces due to the influence of infrared curing. If the heating system of the welding shop is designed for spot heating of certain areas, then it is best to use these devices. Efficient heating with infrared workshop heaters should start with the selection of heating elements. Currently, there are two methods of generating IR radiation.
Carbon heaters
Its design consists of a bulb, inside which there is a carbon fiber spiral, and a reflective element. When current passes through the heating element, it is heated due to high electrical resistance.As a result, infrared radiation is emitted.
To focus thermal energy, a reflector made of stainless iron or aluminum is provided.
IR electric heaters can be used as additional heating in a carpentry shop. They are mounted above those work areas where a stable temperature regime is required. The advantages of electric infrared heaters include:
- Simple installation;
- The ability to regulate the heating temperature by changing the supplied current power;
- Small overall dimensions.
However, due to the high energy consumption, heating with electric infrared heaters for workshops is rare. Instead of them, gas models are mounted.
Gas infrared heaters
For production workshops with a large area, if zone heating is required, it is recommended to use gas models of infrared heaters. Their principle of operation is based on the so-called flameless combustion of a mixture of gas and air on a ceramic surface. As a result, IR radiation is formed, which is focused by a reflector.
For efficient heating with infrared heaters of workshops, ceiling heaters are often used. It is important to correctly calculate the mounting height and the required power. The heating area and temperature regime in this part of the shop will depend on these parameters.
They are used as a heating system in the welding shop, where a comfortable temperature is needed only to ensure normal conditions for the working personnel. However, when planning this type of heating, you need to take into account a number of nuances:
- An infrared heating system for a workshop cannot be used if air heating is required throughout the room. Heaters are designed for local impact;
- To minimize costs, only natural gas should be used. Liquefied balloon, in addition to the additional purchase of exchange tanks, is inconvenient with a periodic connection procedure.
But despite these disadvantages, the use of infrared heating for woodworking shops and other industries remains the best option. However, for the installation of gas heating of the workshop only with your own hands, you need to carry out a number of coordination measures with the gas service in order to obtain all permits.
How to choose the right heating system for a particular workshop? It is necessary to take into account its operational parameters, the cost of purchasing equipment and the price of the energy carrier. Remember that the cost of production will depend on the heating efficiency of any production facility.
If you need an economical option for organizing the heating of the carpentry shop, you can see in the video non-standard methods of heating the air using sawdust and wood shavings.
