Economical and convenient modules are widely used for electric lighting of premises, private yards, gardens, parks, parking lots and construction sites. A motion-sensed light bulb produces a bright beam of light that travels in a specific direction or diffuses across an area. At the same time, the detector detects moving people or animals. If necessary, the annunciator automatically triggers an alarm or a set of actions.
Purpose and principle of operation
The sensor device detects the movement of the object in the reach and illumination area. The luminaire does not independently respond to the circumstances that have arisen, but turns on or stops working on a signal from the detector.
A predefined function on the relay is activated when movement is detected in the monitored area. The sensor gives a signal to turn on the lamp, change the power of optical radiation.
Motion detectors are:
- infrared passive - make up more than 50% of applications;
- ultrasonic active sensors, microwave models;
- combined types including infrared and photovoltaic cells.
The interaction of the sensor and the lamp is pre-programmed. A built-in dimmer is used - a regulator of the saturation of the light emitted by LEDs or incandescent lamps.
Modules with infrared sensors are popular, which are activated when the thermal background in the control area changes, have a large inspection area, safe radiation and precise settings.
Microwave and ultrasonic models are active versions, receive radiation of a certain length, and do not react to atmospheric influences. They have a negative effect on animals, have a limited coverage area.
Twilight switches give a signal about the issuance of a luminous flux when the brightness of the environment changes. Automation stops the lamp at dawn. Components can be built into any type of LED lamp.
Design features
The body of the device is made in the form of a plafond, lantern, chandelier. The compact modules can be conveniently mounted in various locations.
Functional devices are equipped with lamps:
- halogen;
- luminescent;
- LED.
The model incorporates protection systems against overload, short circuit, overheating. The device always has a lighting element and a reading sensor.
Modules depending on the use case:
- portable - put in the required place, work on replaceable batteries, there is a power limitation;
- stationary - an electricity connection is required, the disadvantage is the lack of mobility.
The remote motor sensor contacts the lamp through a wire. In another case, the sensor element and the lamp are combined in one unit, then the detector is called built-in.
Scope of application
Lamps with a motion detector are installed in places where a person is short-lived and infrequent. An example is house entrances, stairwells, corridors. The second area of use is the economic and industrial sector, where the modules work at night.The devices are used in street lamps to turn on the lighting in the presence of a moving object.
Lamps with sensors are used in various illumination options:
- whites with cold rays mount on lamp posts;
- whites with neutral radiation are placed in offices and industrial sites;
- warm yellows change incandescent bulbs in houses and apartments;
- other colors are used for decoration in public entertainment centers.
Sometimes failures are observed if the modules are located near fan heaters, air conditioners. It is not recommended to place the devices in the corner due to the limitation of the inspection area; it is better to mount them in the center of the ceiling.
Installation and configuration features
Parallel, serial and combined circuits are suitable for connecting the module. In the first case, the light is turned on by a signal from the sensor and by using a toggle switch. In the second scheme, the lamp functions only when the electrical circuit is closed by the switch. In the combined method, an additional light beam is generated by a detector signal, but the main source is powered by a switch.
Installation of a lamp with a motion sensor for a home, which is carried out at a distance:
- find a place for mounting the sensor with a good view;
- mount a stand on the wall at a height of up to 2.4 meters;
- open the hood of the terminal box and sensor, clean the contacts and connect 220 V through zero and phase, isolate the connections;
- connect a light bulb.
It is important not to mix up the phasing, if this happens, change the wires in places. Connect the cable with a plug in the same way.
Installing wireless lamps
The housing contains an ultrasonic detector, a lamp, and a power control sensor. At the stage of preparation, the seals are placed in the holes of the case, where the wires will be inserted. De-energize the installation network before work.
Next steps:
- the power cable is pulled into the luminaire box through a hole with a seal, shortened if necessary;
- the wire is laid through the mounting holes of the case and is grounded to the ceiling or wall;
- if the housing is made of a dielectric material, grounding is not performed;
- the supply wire is freed from the braid, the phase and zero wires are used for connection.
There are special terminals for connection, in which the cable is fixed with a screwdriver. There is one free contact in the complex, where you can connect additional lamps, fans or other elements of the system.
Advantages and disadvantages of a motion sensor lamp
The tracking modules are easy to use; when the automatic mode is turned on, there is no need for manual adjustment. Universal devices are equipped with various types of luminaires, which expands the scope of application.
The frequency of operation of the lighting and tracking units saves energy (up to 50 - 70%) and extends the service life. Lamps with a sensor are equipped with an alarm warning system and protect the room or area from uninvited guests. A good solution is to place the lamp over the entrance opening and set it up in a certain operating mode.
Tracking modules are of little use for rooms where people are constantly moving. The sensor only detects movement perpendicular to its central axis.
Top manufacturers
Euroelectric
The German company produces touch-sensitive lights. The models are mounted on the ceiling or wall of a building and are designed to operate at various temperatures (from -25 to + 40 ° C). Products sold in Russia are made similar to the standards for production facilities in Germany.
The company's products are given up to 10 years of warranty, depending on the model. The luminaires are switched on with a delay of 10 - 150 seconds, which significantly saves electricity.Tracking devices cover an area of 180 ° at a distance of 1 - 10 m. Compact devices provide illumination from 3 to 2 thousand lux at a maximum voltage of 2 - 40 W.
The devices are installed at a height of 1.9 - 2.6 m, powered by a common power supply, and detect objects at a speed of 0.65 - 1.5 m / s. The products belong to the category of high-tech and reliable devices with a minimum probability of breakdown during the warranty period.
Delux
The manufacturing company produces lighting lamps with motion detectors for installation in residential areas, in the service sector of high-rise buildings, for workshops and parking lots. The models are available in a narrow beam range or illuminate a large area with flood light with an IP 65 protection rating.
Built-in and remote units provide economical and high-quality electric lighting with a beam scattering angle of 120 °. It is based on an LED device with an external connection source. The devices are mounted on a vertical or horizontal surface, suspended by cables.
All models are equipped with a sealed housing to protect against bad weather, dusty or gas-polluted workshop environments. The service life is determined at 30 thousand hours.
Led-Hardt
The Polish manufacturer manufactures high-precision luminaires with motion detection in the field of view for private and industrial yards. The products are distinguished by an affordable price with good quality. The company introduces the latest technology innovations and regularly presents new models.
LED sensors with a dustproof, moisture-proof and shockproof housing are in demand for installation in entrances and staircases in the apartment sector. The models are used for economic facilities where emergency and standby lighting is required.
Anti-vandal installations were developed by the company taking into account different operating conditions and the specifics of buildings. Protection category IP 54, against impacts - IK 10. Conditional operating time - 100 thousand hours.
