According to the Building Code, ventilation in a multi-storey building is carried out according to the following scheme: air enters the slightly open windows of residential premises, which is drawn through ventilation in bathrooms or kitchens.
Ventilation in a multi-storey building should provide air exchange in apartments equal to: 115 - 140 cubic meters per hour or 3 cubic meters of air per hour per 1 square meter of apartment area. If the ventilation scheme of a multi-storey building is calculated for standard apartments, they most often rely on the first standard. And for individual projects it is more convenient to use the second one. You can also calculate on the basis of 30 cubic meters of air per hour for each person living in the apartment.
According to modern building codes, natural ventilation of a multi-storey residential building is equipped in economy class apartments. A mixed system is installed in business-class houses: the inflow is natural, and the outflow is mechanized, centralized. In elite-class apartments, both the inflow and outflow of air are carried out automatically in a centralized manner.
Natural ventilation of multi-storey buildings
As a rule, natural ventilation is installed in a multi-storey building. In houses up to 4 floors, each ventilation outlet has its own channel, which is combined with others in the attic. But in houses with a higher number of storeys, vertical channels are assembled into one main channel every five floors. Such a ventilation scheme for a multi-storey building saves space.
The most common scheme of natural ventilation in a multi-storey building today is a highway, from which branches go through apartments.
Here, air enters the ventilation holes, which then enters the main channel and is discharged outside. Such a system takes up even less space, it is less dependent on the wind outside, which is the main disadvantage of natural ventilation in multi-storey residential buildings.
Requirements for natural ventilation of multi-storey buildings
When creating a project for natural ventilation of a multi-storey building, the ability of residents to control the intensity of air exchange is taken into account. For this, fans, convectors and valves are used.
Natural ventilation of multi-storey residential buildings is impossible if there are no windows or vents that can be opened to the outside in the room.
Air supply is installed in living quarters and kitchens. For this, valves are mounted above the radiators or in the upper part of the windows. This is the most convenient way to organize a controlled air flow.
