Inoperative ventilation in a residential or office complex threatens residents with the “syndrome of a large building”: health spontaneously worsens, and ailments appear.
But when equipment fails in an industrial plant, even more dire consequences are possible. Many technological processes are associated with the release of vapors of toxic substances and dust, which must be neutralized. Therefore, service and repair of ventilation must be carried out regularly.
The ventilation repair was included in the OKPD. In the All-Russian Classifier of Products by Economic Activity OKPD, ventilation repairs are carried out under codes 45.33.12.190, 191 and 199. OKPD ventilation repair refers to the section "Construction work".
The need for ventilation maintenance
The ventilation system is one of the most important life support systems for people. Each building must have a functioning ventilation system, selected taking into account the purpose and use.
Natural ventilation of apartment buildings is the easiest to maintain and repair. At industrial enterprises, mechanical supply and exhaust systems are installed.
Reasons for failure of ventilation systems:
- violations during the installation of equipment;
- illiterate use;
- technological aging of mechanisms;
- refusal of maintenance;
- mechanical damage.
The nature of the problem is also influenced by the operating conditions of the equipment. For example, supply and exhaust ventilation systems located near busy highways quickly become clogged and destroyed by dust, debris, and fumes.
It is not only forced ventilation systems that fail. The natural ventilation of apartment buildings also needs repair or cleaning. Over time, debris, dust accumulates in the mines, brickwork of pipes crumbles and a major overhaul of the ventilation system is required. Often, residents partially dismantle the ventilation ducts, disrupting the movement of air. In this case, repairing the ventilation of an apartment building is indispensable. It is enough to restore the walls of the shaft and the operation of the system is normalized.
Renovation of the ventilation of an apartment building is usually timed to coincide with the overhaul of the building itself and is carried out by housing and communal services workers.
In case of any irregularities in the operation of ventilation, it is most reasonable to call professionals. With the help of special devices, they will quickly detect a breakdown and fix it.
Signs of malfunctioning ventilation:
- misted glass windows;
- mold in the corners;
- overflow of odors from one room to another.
The need to repair the ventilation system can also be indicated by people's ailments:
- difficulty breathing, asthmatic phenomena;
- frequent colds and infectious diseases;
- back and joint pain.
Stages of repair of ventilation systems
Repair and maintenance of ventilation includes the following work:
- Diagnostics and elimination of malfunctions during the warranty and post-warranty periods;
- Preventive maintenance required during the operation of ventilation systems (cleaning, troubleshooting, testing of automatic control systems).
Operational maintenance consists in debugging and preventive maintenance of mechanisms that ensure uninterrupted operation of ventilation equipment.
Repair and maintenance of ventilation is carried out in stages. First, the masters examine the state of the system, after which they clean and disinfect. And the final stage is determining the quality of ventilation repair and issuing a document on the state of the system in the apartment.
As a rule, the repair of ventilation systems is carried out without dismantling, directly at the place of its installation. In case of particularly difficult breakdowns, the mechanisms are removed and taken to the workshops.
The list of services for the repair and maintenance of ventilation:
- checking the connections of ventilation ducts, fasteners and the integrity of the housings;
- lubrication of mechanical parts and cleaning of filters;
- testing of automatic control systems;
- inspection of electrical wiring, pouches;
- checking the operation of dampers and control valves;
- fan cleaning, testing and balancing;
- repair of ventilation heaters and heat exchangers;
- testing the condition of the heat exchanger;
- replacement of all faulty components.
In supply and exhaust ventilation systems, heaters are used to heat the air to the required temperature. The heater can be water, fire or steam. Some use glycol solutions. Flushing the ventilation air heater is one of the methods of repairing it. The device is disassembled and cleaned of germs and scale using chemicals.
Sometimes it is necessary to replace the air heater plates. Repairs of this kind can be carried out immediately, as the leak is visible to the naked eye.
The frequency of repair and maintenance of ventilation systems depends on:
- type of ventilation (natural, mechanical, combined);
- type of system (supply, exhaust, supply and exhaust, channelless or duct);
- the specifics of the building (office complex, residential building, industrial enterprise).
Ventilation system diagnostics
Before the start of the overhaul of the ventilation system, its diagnostics is carried out:
- the type of system is determined;
- the condition of ventilation shafts, the degree of their destruction and pollution are assessed;
- the difference in pressure and temperature in rooms and outdoors is measured;
- the speed of air movement at various points of the ventilation system is determined;
- the condition of the air intake grilles is assessed;
- the operation of automatic control systems is checked;
- the condition of the fans is examined, including the presence of lubrication;
- the operation of the emergency shutdown system is evaluated.
For diagnostics, special equipment is required. Diagnostics is mandatory before commissioning, during service maintenance and before overhaul of the ventilation system. Based on the data obtained, conclusions are made about the need for repair, replacement of faulty or obsolete units. Diagnostics is also carried out after cleaning the air ducts to assess the quality of work.
Repair of ventilation in apartment buildings can only be carried out by a service company that has special certificates.
Maintenance of automatic ventilation control systems
In modern construction, supply and exhaust systems with automatic control are increasingly used. The user sets the necessary parameters that are supported by the automatically selected program or sets a single mode of operation.
Adjustment of automatic control systems is carried out only by qualified specialists. Adjustment of automation is included in the list of services for maintenance and repair of ventilation. As a result, the equipment maintains the temperature, humidity and air velocity required by the customer in the premises. At the same time, specialists advise the client on the correct operation of ventilation.
The cost of repair and maintenance of ventilation
The cost of repairing the ventilation of an apartment building or enterprise is determined by the estimate. The list of services offered by firms for the repair of ventilation in apartments and offices varies. Therefore, the cost of a service package that includes almost the same services may be different. The price of ventilation repair is determined by the type, capacity and branching of the network, the amount and type of equipment. When planning the repair of ventilation in an apartment, first study the proposals of several companies, paying special attention to the level of qualifications of specialists, equipment with equipment and tools. About the latter and watch the video.
