Comfortable working and living conditions are primarily associated with the technological achievements of civilization: from a household washing machine and refrigerator to central heating radiators and industrial units.
The operation of all heat and electrical appliances that provide residential and non-residential space with the necessary level of ergonomics is accompanied by negative phenomena - a decrease in humidity and positive ionization of the air environment.
It is these indicators that have an impact on well-being, and with constant exposure to human health.
The effect of ions on health and moisture standards
Ionization is the process of changing neutral particles into ions (positive and negative), which occurs both under the influence of artificial technological factors and as a result of natural phenomena.
Positive "heavy" ions, namely, their release is accompanied by the operation of electrical equipment, have a negative effect on humans, causing fatigue, oxygen starvation and, as a result, headaches, problems with breathing and pulse.
The most favorable are negative ions ("light"), which enrich the air with oxygen and thus provide maximum comfort for humans.
The technical regulation standards, which establish the safety standards for modern buildings and structures, provide for a minimum limit of negative particles in a room at the level of 600 ions per 1 cubic centimeter. Measurements in residential apartments give depressing results: no more than 100 ions / cubic meter. cm.
Optimum indicators for human health are at the level of 3000 to 5000 ions / cubic meter. cm.
Considering that positive ions are constantly produced, the required level of "light" ions can only be achieved by artificial ionization.
Working devices, not only heating, but also electrical, create conditions under which the process of increasing positive ions takes place in the room, but also the humidity decreases.
The optimum humidity level is taken in the range of 40-60%. In winter, the humidity in the room decreases in proportion to the temperature outside: at -20 ° C, measurements show about 5% moisture inside. It is recommended to use a humidifier to maintain optimum indoor performance.
Types of humidifiers with ionization
Constant evaporation of moisture by the human body, the operation of electrical appliances and heating systems force us to look for the possibility of increasing humidity to the minimum required level, preferably with the neutralization of positive "heavy" ions. At the moment, it is technically possible to combine humidification with ionization.
The produced varieties of such equipment are divided into several types:
- traditional, based on the use of natural evaporation of moisture from the surface of porous materials;
- steam, operating on the principle of converting water into steam under the influence of high temperatures;
- ultrasonic, one of the most modern technologies that allows you to achieve a microdispersed suspension of moisture in the air.
They are equipped with special negative ion generators. Most often, an ionizer built into household appliances works according to the corona discharge principle.Although there is also the possibility of enriching space with radioactive or ultraviolet radiation.
It provides optimal anion levels during operation and does not necessarily have an ozone odor.
Porous or traditional
The design is based on moisturizing cartridges, which are a porous material soaked in water. Air masses are blown through them by a fan. Previously, they pass through a number of filters that act as a cleaner from dust and other suspended matter.
The design is not overloaded with additional sensors and regulators, due to the natural evaporation process: the more humidity in the environment, the less moisture evaporates from the surface of the cartridge. In addition, the temperature affects the level of humidity: in a hot room, evaporation will be more intense.
One of the varieties of porous technology is the so-called "air cleaning". In this case, the fan blows air not through the humidifying cartridges, but onto the hydrophilic discs placed on a special drum that rotates along a horizontal axis. During rotation, the discs are immersed in a reservoir with water, which is then evaporated under the pressure of the flow from the fan. Equipped with an electric discharge, it will simultaneously perform the function of cleaning air masses and enriching them with ions.
Steam
The principle of operation is based on the formation of steam by heating water to a boiling state.
They are divided into two types:
- boilers;
- steam.
At the same time, a boiling kettle can be considered the simplest boiling humidifier. The principle of operation is the same: under the influence of heating, the water boils and begins to evaporate, and thus saturates the room with moisture.
Steam has a slightly different principle: during ventilation or air conditioning, steam is supplied to the incoming air streams. In this case, an autonomous or centralized steam generator can serve as a source of steam.
It is necessarily equipped with a special automatic sensor - a hygrostat for humidity control. They are rarely used in everyday life, due to the fact that boiling water increases the temperature regime in the room.
Ultrasonic
The most popular technology that easily combines humidifier, purifier and ionizer in one design.
Dispersion of moisture to the level of microparticles is achieved by the impact of an ultrasonic wave on the surface of a reservoir with water. The resulting mist is spread by the directional flow of the fan built into the device.
This design provides:
- creating fog without heating the space;
- increasing humidity to the required level (the gyrostat allows you to control its level up to 100%);
- acceptable noise level;
- humidity mode programming.
Other types
With the development of technology, rotary and film varieties have become obsolete. In the first case, it is assumed that water dispersion occurs when the disk rotates. And in the second - in contact with a moistened flat nozzle.
Injection or nozzles are also no longer used in domestic areas. Dispersion is achieved by mechanical atomization through a nozzle. As a result, too large drops of moisture are obtained, which, condensing on pieces of furniture or appliances, had a bad effect on their functionality and service life.
Injection spraying is widely used in industrial and agricultural areas: for example, for humidifying greenhouses or vegetable stores.
Ecology and constant stress create a serious burden on the body. Last but not least, air affects health. Modern technologies make it possible to improve its composition, purify, saturate with oxygen and moisture. A humidifier in this regard will significantly improve the quality and comfort of life.
